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What is landlocked country?

A landlocked country is a country that does not have territory connected to an ocean or whose coastlines lie on endorheic basins. There are currently 44 landlocked countries and 4 landlocked de facto states.   A country is "doubly landlocked" or "double-landlocked" when it is surrounded only by landlocked countries (i.e. requiring the crossing of at least two national borders to reach a coastline).  Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan are two doubly landlocked countries. Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landlocked_country

What is upsert?

The term upsert is a combination of the words “update” and “insert.”  In the context of relational databases, an upsert is a database operation that will update an existing row if a specified value already exists in a table, and insert a new row if the specified value doesn't already exist.

Difference between "chart" and "graph"

The word "chart" is usually used as a catchall term for the graphical representation of data. "Graph" refers to a chart that specifically plots data along two dimensions. All graphs are a type of chart, but not all charts are graphs. What is Graph? Graphs mainly focus on raw data and depict the trend overtime-related to such data. A two-dimensional graph shows the relationship between the data through a line, curve, etc., using the horizontal line along the bottom (called X-axis) and vertical line up the side (called Y-axis). As per the Advanced English Dictionary, “A Graph is a mathematical diagram that shows the relationship between two or more sets of numbers or measurements.” A graph allows the user to easily represent the values in the data through a visual representation. What is Chart? A chart is a type of representation of large sets of data, which makes the user understand the same better. Using the same helps predict existing data and forecast future data